2025年高考英語閱讀題中的命題陷阱
來源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理 2024-11-12 18:54:29
命置高考英語閱讀理解題時,命題人常常會給出一些與所給篇章中的原文原句相似或完全一樣的選項,同學們很容易把這類選項當作正確選項。實際上,它們未必就是正確選項,而且很有可能是命題人利用學生做題習慣和急躁心態(tài)所設(shè)置的最強干擾項。它們有可能與原文原句所表達的意義不一致,或與命題題干所要求的內(nèi)容不相符。設(shè)置此類陷阱主要有以下三種方法:
-貌似相同,實則不同
高考閱讀理解題中所給出的有些選項,看起來與原文中的某個句子十分相似,但由于命題人在提供選項時已經(jīng)換掉了其中的部分文字,使得該選項的內(nèi)容與原文原句所表達的意義產(chǎn)生了很大的不同,該選項不能作為正確選項。而真正的正確選項雖然與原文原句所使用的詞語或句式不盡相同,卻能夠正確表達原文內(nèi)容。例如:(2003年北京春,A篇)Last summer I went through a training program and became a literacy volunteer(掃盲志愿者).The training I received,though excellent,did not tell me how it was to work with a real student,however.When I began to discover what other people's lives were like because they could not read,I realized the true importance of reading.……
這篇閱讀理解后有這樣一道題:
What did the author do last summer?
A.She worked in the supermarket.
B.She helped someone to read and write.
C.She gave single mothers the help they needed
D.She went to a training program to help a literacy volunteer.
D選項與原文中劃線部分內(nèi)容看起來十分相似,但是由于命題人對黑體字部分的替換,使得選項所表達的內(nèi)容(她參加了一個培訓班,來幫助掃盲志愿者)和原文原句所表達的內(nèi)容(她參加了一個培訓班,成了一名掃盲志愿者)已經(jīng)完全不相同,所以,該選項不是正確選項。而真正的正確選項是B。雖然我們不能從原文中找到和B選項一樣的句子,但它卻正確表達了一個掃盲志愿者的工作內(nèi)容。
-一字之差,意義相反
高考閱讀理解題的命題人,常使用原文原句中所使用詞語的反義詞,使所給選項,看似表達原文意義,而實際上卻與原文意義相反。比如:(2002北京春,B篇)……First,the radioactive material must travel from its place of production to the power station.Although the power stations themselves are strongly built,the containers used for the transport of the materials are not.Normally,only two methods of transport are in use,namely road or rail.Unfortunately,both of these may have an effect on the general public,since they are sure to pass near or even through heavily populated areas.……
這篇閱讀理解后的一道題中有這樣一個選項:It's unusual for radioactive materials to be transported across land.這個選項中由于unusual一詞的使用,使選項意義與原文中劃線部分的意思正好相反。如果選項中使用usual一詞,這個選項就與原文意義一致了。
-使用only,not…at al,absolutely等詞,使選項內(nèi)容過于絕對化
在做高考閱讀理解題時,要注意選項中only,not…at all,absolutely等表示絕對意義的詞的使用,含有這類詞的選項往往因其意義過于絕對化而與原文中所表達的相關(guān)內(nèi)容不一致。例如:(2005遼寧,D篇)……T
The fact that most of these young people have go to Europeanized or Americanized societies makes it unlikely that they will hold as tightly to the value of duty as they should have if they had not left their countries……
這篇閱讀理解后的一道題中有這樣一個選項:If young people go abroad,they do not hold to the value of duty at all.原文的意思是這些人對老人的責任心不強,而選項的意思則成了這些人對老人一點責任心都沒有。
-雖為原文原句,但答非所問
(2006山東,B篇)……The emotional center of Love is Bill Cosey,the former owner and host of the shabby Cosey's Hotel and Resort in Silk,North Carolina,described in the novel as“the best and best-known vacation spot for colored folk on the East Coast.”We get to know Cosey through the memories of five women who survive and love him:his granddaughter,his widow,two former employees,and a home less young girl……
The novel Love mainly describes______.
A.the best-known vacation spot for colored folk on the East Coast
B.the life of an outstanding black family under slavery
C.the miserable experience of the five women in Harlem
D.the memories of five women about Bill Cosey
A選項雖然可以在原文中找到(劃線部分),但是由于它不是小說的主要內(nèi)容,不能回答題干提出的問題,所以不能作為正確選項。
在做高考閱讀理解題時,不能僅憑某個選項與原文原句相似或一樣就不假思索,草率做出決定。這類選項有可能是正確選項也有可能是命題陷阱。識破命題陷阱并不是很難的事,只要克服考試時的緊張、浮躁的情緒,仔細審題,認真思考就可以選出正確的答案。
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