高考英語短文改錯口訣(2)
2011-08-22 13:23:41新浪網(wǎng)
七、邏輯錯誤須關注
與句子的上、下文不一致,甚至相矛盾,屬于邏輯性錯誤。如稱謂上的張冠李戴,人名、地名、時間、方位等方面的錯誤,常是這類錯誤的考查對象。例如:
The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. (their)
First, let me tell you something more about myself. (去掉more)
… no way of setting the matter except by selling the set.Now someone at home reads instead. (everyone)
上述第一例中的主語是Smiths(史密斯夫婦倆),因此后面的his不合邏輯。第二例中的more在這兒表“再”的意思,才開始告訴別人,怎么能說“再告訴你一些事”?第三例講的是為了解決看電視時的爭端,“我們”把電視機賣了;晚上沒電視看了,所以與從前一樣,大家又都讀書了,所以該用 everyone。
除了上述錯誤類型外,?嫉腻e誤形式還有:連詞but, and, or和so的用法錯誤(可以歸類為邏輯錯誤),以及冠詞的用法錯誤等。例如:
She was smiling but nodding at me. (and)
It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest. (or)
We may be one family and live under a same roof. (the)
下面是2002年全國高考試題中的短文改錯題。這道題較全面地反映了本文的口訣,F(xiàn)在請你試著做一做,然后參閱題后的答案與簡析。
Last week my parents and I took a two-day trip to Emei
Mountain in Sichuan. As everyone knows,it’s famous 76. _____
Mountain with all kinds of plants and animals. The weather 77. _____
Was fine. It was about noon we arrived at the foot of 78. _____
the mountain,the three of them were very excited. As we 79. _____
climbed the mountain,we ed monkeys,visiting temples 80. _____
and told stories. On the way up I was busy taking picture 81._____
since the scenery was so beautiful. The time passes quickly. 82. _____
Evening came down. We spent the night in a hotel at the top 83. _____
of the mountain. The food was expensive and the service was 84. _____
good. I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my 85. _____
head touched the pillow.
答案與簡析:
76. famous前加上a.(名詞數(shù))
77. 正確
78. we前面加when,引導一個時間狀語從句。(句子成分多分析)
79. them→us (邏輯錯誤須關注)
80. visiting→visited(非謂動詞細辨別)
81. picture→pictures(名詞數(shù))
82. passes→passed(動詞形)
83. 去掉down(習慣用法要記。
84. and→but(but,and,or和so)
85. 去掉at(句子成分多分析 / 習慣用法要記住)
改錯要想拿高分
語法口訣要記牢
(一)見到謂語找主語,主謂一致找狀語
見到名詞想多數(shù),可不可數(shù)要記牢
見到平行看結構,形式功能要對稱
見到代詞找指代,指代通常不合理
帶賓語必帶to,不帶賓語不帶 to
小小of常抓的點,of前名詞adj最高級
比較級不修飾比較級,最高級不修飾最高級
(二)謂與非謂經(jīng);
謂語句中就一個
其余動詞非謂語
常見形式有三種
v-ing ,v-ed和to do
主謂通常v-ing
動賓通常v-ed
現(xiàn)在分詞表主動
過去分詞表被動
目的要用不定式
by前有過去分詞相擁
by后有動名詞后抱
介詞后跟動名詞
時態(tài)基點要搞清
現(xiàn)在還是過去時